Frequently Asked Questions
Quick Answers
Diabetes Clinical FAQs
Find quick answers regarding diagnostic levels, prediabetes reversal, insulin pen coaching, and clinic timings.
What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes?
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the body’s immune system attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, requiring daily insulin therapy. Type 2 diabetes is metabolic; cells become resistant to insulin, and it is highly influenced by lifestyle, weight, and activity.
What is a normal HbA1c level, and what indicates diabetes?
HbA1c measures your average blood sugar over the past 3 months. Normal is below 5.7%. A range of 5.7% to 6.4% indicates prediabetes. An HbA1c of 6.5% or higher on two separate tests confirms a diabetes diagnosis.
Can prediabetes be reversed completely?
Yes, absolutely! Prediabetes is a warning band indicating elevated insulin resistance. With calculated changes in diet (cutting simple carbs) and engaging in daily 15-minute walks after meals, insulin sensitivity can be restored, returning your HbA1c to normal.
How does insulin pen therapy training work?
During your pen therapy training, Dr. Azfar's clinic provides hands-on instructions on calculating basal-bolus doses, dial calibrating the pen, inserting modern fine needles, and proper site rotation (abdomen, thigh) to prevent lipodystrophy (fat build-up).
What should I do if my blood sugar drops too low (Hypoglycemia)?
Follow the clinical "15-15 Rule." If glucose is below 70 mg/dL, consume 15 grams of fast-acting sugar (e.g., 3-4 glucose tablets, half a cup of fruit juice, or 1 tablespoon of honey). Wait 15 minutes, recheck, and if still low, repeat the dose.
Do I need insulin immediately after a Type 2 diabetes diagnosis?
Not necessarily. Most Type 2 diagnoses are first managed with insulin-sensitizing oral tablets (like Metformin) alongside structured dietary carbohydrate restrictions and physical activity profiling. Insulin is introduced if oral agents fail to keep glucose in target bands.
Why is diabetic foot care so important?
Long-term high glucose damages blood vessels and nerves in your lower extremities (neuropathy). You lose protective sensation, meaning you might not feel cuts or blisters. Poor blood flow delays healing, making minor breaks develop into limb-threatening ulcers.
What is a sensory monofilament test?
It is a quick, painless clinic check. Dr. Azfar applies a flexible nylon fiber (monofilament) to key pressure points on your soles. Your ability to feel the fiber bend determines if your nerves are intact or if you have sensory neuropathy.
Can diabetics walk barefoot at home?
No! Clinical guidelines strongly advise diabetics (especially those with neuropathy) to **never walk barefoot**, even indoors. A stray pin, glass splinter, or sharp toy edge can penetrate the sole unnoticed and lead to a deep-tissue infection.
What are Dr. Azfar's clinic timings and location?
Dr. Azfar consults patients exclusively at **Dr. Azfar's Clinic**, Plot A 42, Block 18 Gulberg Town, Karachi, Sindh , Pakistan 75950. Timings are **Monday to Saturday, 09:00 AM to 05:00 PM**.
What should I bring to my first consultation?
Please bring your most recent laboratory reports (HbA1c, fasting lipid profiles, kidney function tests), all your current diabetes medications, and your home blood glucose logging sheets/glucometer history.
Can I book an appointment online?
Yes! You can fill out our online pre-appointment request form on the **Appointment** page, or connect directly via WhatsApp by clicking the floating green chat button at the bottom right.
Have a Different Question?
If you have specific diabetic concerns or need medical log audits, connect with our support desk.